3 PHASE AC MOTOR STARTING METHODS:
A Detailed Analysis of Various Methods of Starting an AC Induction Motor and Their Effects on Motor Characteristics.
Thomas Blair, P.E., Phasetronics/Motortronics, Clearwater, Florida
This paper will explain basic AC induction motor theory and then apply this theory to describe motor characteristics during starting. Then this paper discusses the effects soft starting an AC motor has on these various characteristics. Lastly, this paper briefly reviews various methods of soft starting an AC motor and discusses some of the advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods.
AC MOTOR CIRCUIT THEORY:
The standard 3 phase AC induction motor has two main components called the rotor and stator. The stator is constructed of a laminated steel core with an interwoven winding. The stator winding is brought out from the motor usually to a terminal or junction box mounted to the motor stator for electrical connection to the motor. The rotor is a laminated core mounted inside the stator housing and is coupled to the shaft of the motor. The stator winding circuit is designed in groups of poles. Each phase of a pole group is electrically separated by 120 degrees. If a voltage is applied to the stator winding at some given frequency, then a field is generated internal of the stator that causes the rotor to want to run at a rotational speed defined by the equation below:
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